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The Trucial States ((アラビア語:إمارات الساحل المتصالح) '; also known as Trucial Oman, Trucial States of the Coast of Oman, the Trucial Coast, and Trucial Sheikhdoms) were a group of sheikhdoms in the south eastern Persian Gulf, previously known to the British as the 'Pirate Coast', which were signatories to treaties (hence 'trucial') with the British government. These treaties established an informal protectorate by Great Britain and the sheikhdoms, or emirates, were a British protectorate from 1820 until 2 December 1971, when the seven principal trucial sheikhdoms became independent. Six (Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm Al Qawain and Fujairah) were to form the United Arab Emirates on that day; the seventh – Ras Al Khaimah – joined the Federation on 10 February 1972. ==General aspects== The sheikhdoms included: *Abu Dhabi (1820–1971) *Ajman (1820–1971) *Dubai (1835–1971) *Fujairah (1952–1971) *Kalba (1936–1951) *Ras al-Khaimah (1820–1971) *Sharjah (1820–1971) *Umm al-Quwain (1820–1971) The sheikhdoms permanently allied themselves with the United Kingdom by the Perpetual Maritime Truce of 1853, until in 1892 they entered into "Exclusivity Agreements" with the British - following on from Bahrain in 1880 - which put them under British protection. This was an unclear status which fell short of a formal protectorate, but required Britain to defend them from external aggression in exchange for exclusive British rights in the states.〔Balfour-Paul, G., ''The end of empire in the Middle East: Britain's Relinquishment of Power in her Last Three Arab Dependencies,'' Cambridge University Press, 1984, ISBN 978-0521466363〕 Two sheikhdoms at various times looked as if they might be granted trucial status, affirming their independence from neighbouring Sharjah, Al Hamriyah and Al Heera, but neither signed treaties with the British. Kalba, granted trucial status in 1936 because it was chosen as the site of a back-up landing strip for the Imperial Airways flights into Sharjah, was re-incorporated into Sharjah in 1951 on the death of its ruler. The last sheikhdom to be granted recognition was that of Fujairah, which became a trucial state in 1952 after the British government came under pressure from PCL (Petroleum Concessions Limited) to grant status in order that the company could have a free hand to explore for oil along the whole east coast.〔 In 1952, the Trucial States Council was established to encourage co-operation between the seven Rulers. The Indian rupee remained the de facto currency of the Trucial States as well as the other Persian Gulf states such as Qatar, Bahrain and Oman until these countries introduced their own currencies in 1969, after the great devaluation of the rupee. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Trucial States」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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